Globalization means a fast and constantly developing network of interconnectedness and interdependence that characterizes material, social, economic and cultural life in the modern world. This increased connectivity can be encountered daily, such as advanced communication technologies in everyday life.
The economic part of globalization is an obvious key factor. In the course of globalization, capitalistic processes, exert a potential and enormous impact on the globalization of culture. Because of this, cultural globalization is sometimes called cultural imperialism. Culture is about creating meaning in life rather than some kind of power. Humans are willing to sacrifice other resources for the purpose of existence to obtain culture. The concept of narratives, a shared story that makes our existence meaningful, continues to motivate and orient people collectively. Finding out how regional-based cultural behavior affects globalization is a way to see the impact of culture on globalization. Therefore, culture has the aspect that it can create and shape globalization at the same time as its effects.
There is general speculation that the globalization process will lead to a single world culture. This seems to be realistic because a single system of capitalist market economies brings about integrated connectivity throughout the world. But even though global connectivity integrates the world economically and politically, it is unreasonable to conclude that a single entity, such as individuals and places, or countries in the third world are all part of globalization.
Nevertheless, some Western experts continue to drive globalization into a single 'world culture' that encompasses us, as it implies a form of cultural imperialism. This implies concerns that Western culture, including the United States, will spread around the world and wipe out non-Western traditional culture. However, the author urges people not to confuse simple cultural products with the practices of culture itself.
In the past, there have been attempts to universalize world views, which have been imbued with religion and faith, but ironically, Western culture creates an integrated and universal vision through the nature of enlightenment and ideology that values reason.
The effects of globalization are rapidly changing the concept of "regionality" and these changes have created the idea of "Deterritorialization." The idea of deterritorialization removes the relationship of geographical and social territory and culture. Culture is no longer bound by local constraints. Past cultures have been entities of 'social' with spatial concepts, but the complex connectivity of globalization has weakened such conceptualization. The most widespread effect of cultural globalization is to weaken the traditional bond between cultural experience and geographical territory. The deterritorialization does not simply lose the experience of local culture, but completely eliminates the idiosyncrasies, nuances and differences that are created within the region. Paradoxically, however, locality becomes more prosperous amid globalization. This makes it possible for the place where we live to not lose its cultural characteristics.
The deterritorialization aspect of globalization can be felt in very ordinary daily life. These changes seem too trivial, but they signal a deep cultural transformation. There is one factor to investigate more closely because deterritorialization is expanding into the realm of historically unprecedented connectivity: we routinely rely on electronic media and communications technology.
'Telemediatization' in this culture does not involve actual movements, but is metaphorically likened to travel. Telemediatization in this deterritorialization is a historically new form of human experience. The use of media and communication technologies helps define what exists as a social being in the modern world. The sense of 'immediacy' created by telemediatization has exerted enormous influence on aspects of our consumer practices, entertainment and politics.
Deterritorialization not only hinders and transforms local experience but also provides people with a wider cultural horizon. People easily integrate local and global cultural data into their consciousness. As a result, events that take place far from the world can take on greater significance in our lives and promote a new sense of cultural openness, human interaction and global ethical responsibility.
At the center of the cultural and political problems posed by modern globalization is two powerful rational principles that Amanda Anderson described as 'a divided legacy of modernity.' Is it universal human rights or cultural differences? The author says this dilemma will be able to follow by solving the problem of the formation of cultural identity. Unlike the conventional wisdom that globalization destroys cultural identity, it has played an important role in creating and spreading cultural identity. Political issues, such as proponents of universalism or politics of diversity, are not easily solved. However, it would be more flexible to think about these issues in line with the perspective and context of identity.
Interesting part
I was very concerned about the loss of the value of traditional local culture due to globalization because I usually believed in the social myth of globalization, but it was very surprising to learn that globalization ironically strengthens the locality. Even at a time when globalization has progressed considerably, the world's traditional culture is still maintained and preserved. I'm very curious how this is happening. Also, I was also surprised that globalization was helping to create and spread many cultural identities when I learned that globalization would blur the boundaries of cultural identity. This article created an opportunity to remodel my understanding of cultural globalization.
Discussion Point
In the article, I read the sections on universal human rights and cultural relativity, two powerful rational principles heading in different directions that Amanda Anderson described as a "divided legacy of modernity," and recalled many examples of them. Recently, a social movement related to vegetarianism has become an issue in Korean society. The level of social activism has been increasing, with some radical vegetarians stealing pigs from pig meat farms or smuggling pet pigs with highly contagious and lethal African swine fever from the affected areas to other areas in the name of safeguarding the universal right of life and animal rights. It seems difficult to argue on these issues because each logic is based on universal values, and in this situation, how can we end the dispute?
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